The CRAP Test or SIFT Moves are great for initially evaluating online sources credibility. Once you establish that a source is overall credible and useful for your work, you'll often want to read and evaluate the source more closely looking closely for bias and perspective. Identifying bias can be tricky, as it is not clearly stated but all sources should be evaluated for potential bias - from news, social media to a scholarly articles. There are different types of bias to look out for and strategies you can use to identify biased sources.
If your information source is:
- Heavily opinionated or one-sided
- Relies on unsupported or unsubstantiated claims
- Presents highly selected facts that lean to a certain outcome
- Pretends to present facts, but offers only opinion
- Uses extreme or inappropriate language
- Tries to persuade you to think a certain way with no regard for factual evidence
- The author is unidentifiable, lacks expertise, or writes on unrelated topics
- The author is affiliated with an organisation and there is conflict of interest
- Is entertainment-based or a form of parody or satire
- Tries to sell you something in disguise
There may be bias!
Be aware too of confirmation bias, which is the tendency to search for, interpret, favour or recall information in a way that confirms or supports your existing beliefs or values.